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Energy Infrastructure

Why Energy Infrastructure Has Become System-Critical

Modern societies rely on highly interconnected electrical networks.
Failures at transformer level can propagate rapidly across regions, sectors and essential services.

What Do Transformers Do?

Transformers sit at the core of power grids, enabling efficient voltage conversion for long-distance transmission. Without them, electricity cannot reliably reach homes, hospitals or industries.

Supply-chain consolidation has seen over 80% of U.S. grid transformers imported.

When replacement transformers are sourced globally, recovery after major failures can take months — increasing systemic exposure during outages.

Why Power Transformers Have Become Strategic Assets

The strategic nature of power transformers stems from a combination of physical constraints, aging assets and systemic interdependencies.

Essential & Irreplaceable

Large power transformers (LPTs) are custom-built. Replacing a damaged unit is complex and time-consuming, particularly for transmission-level assets.

Aging Fleet

In North America, the average age of LPTs is about 40 years. As equipment ages, the likelihood of failure grows.

Supply Chain Dependence

The U.S. grid depends heavily on imported transformers and has limited domestic manufacturing capacity, making replacement slow and uncertain.

Operational Exposure

Transformer explosions or fires can endanger personnel and cause oil spills and environmental contamination.

Environmental & Safety Consequences

Major transformer incidents can result in fires, oil or chemical spills, and long-lasting environmental damage.

Economic & Reputational Losses

Outages can last weeks or months; the inability to transmit power leads to lost revenue, regulatory pressure, and damaged trust.

How Do Transformers Become Strategic?

Addressing transformer-related systemic risk requires solutions capable of acting within the first milliseconds of internal fault events, before escalation occurs.
SERGI develops passive mechanical protection systems designed to limit the physical consequences of such failures and support continuity of service.

How SERGI Contributes to Resilience

SERGI develops passive mechanical systems that rapidly depressurize transformers in the event of an internal fault, preventing explosions and fires while protecting surrounding infrastructure and ensuring continuity of service.

Understanding why energy infrastructure failures become systemic is essential to designing effective protection strategies.
The next section examines the physical risks and escalation mechanisms that drive these outcomes.